Plotting tools in nilearn

Nilearn comes with a set of plotting functions for easy visualization of Nifti-like images such as statistical maps mapped onto anatomical images or onto glass brain representation, anatomical images, functional/EPI images, region specific mask images.

See Plotting brain images for more details.

Retrieve data from nilearn provided (general-purpose) datasets

from nilearn import datasets

# haxby dataset to have EPI images and masks
haxby_dataset = datasets.fetch_haxby()

# print basic information on the dataset
print('First subject anatomical nifti image (3D) is at: %s' %
      haxby_dataset.anat[0])
print('First subject functional nifti image (4D) is at: %s' %
      haxby_dataset.func[0])  # 4D data

haxby_anat_filename = haxby_dataset.anat[0]
haxby_mask_filename = haxby_dataset.mask_vt[0]
haxby_func_filename = haxby_dataset.func[0]

# one motor contrast map from NeuroVault
motor_images = datasets.fetch_neurovault_motor_task()
stat_img = motor_images.images[0]

First subject anatomical nifti image (3D) is at: /home/yasmin/nilearn_data/haxby2001/subj2/anat.nii.gz
First subject functional nifti image (4D) is at: /home/yasmin/nilearn_data/haxby2001/subj2/bold.nii.gz

Plotting statistical maps with function plot_stat_map

from nilearn import plotting

# Visualizing t-map image on EPI template with manual
# positioning of coordinates using cut_coords given as a list
plotting.plot_stat_map(stat_img,
                       threshold=3, title="plot_stat_map",
                       cut_coords=[36, -27, 66])

<nilearn.plotting.displays._slicers.OrthoSlicer object at 0x7f12726f1b40>

Making interactive visualizations with function view_img

An alternative to nilearn.plotting.plot_stat_map is to use nilearn.plotting.view_img that gives more interactive visualizations in a web browser. See Interactive visualization of statistical map slices for more details.

view = plotting.view_img(stat_img, threshold=3)
# In a Jupyter notebook, if ``view`` is the output of a cell, it will
# be displayed below the cell
view

/home/yasmin/miniconda3/envs/nilearn-dev/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/core/fromnumeric.py:758: UserWarning: Warning: 'partition' will ignore the 'mask' of the MaskedArray.
  a.partition(kth, axis=axis, kind=kind, order=order)

# uncomment this to open the plot in a web browser:
# view.open_in_browser()

Plotting statistical maps in a glass brain with function plot_glass_brain

Now, the t-map image is mapped on glass brain representation where glass brain is always a fixed background template

plotting.plot_glass_brain(stat_img, title='plot_glass_brain',
                          threshold=3)

<nilearn.plotting.displays._projectors.OrthoProjector object at 0x7f1272b74820>

Plotting anatomical images with function plot_anat

Visualizing anatomical image of haxby dataset

plotting.plot_anat(haxby_anat_filename, title="plot_anat")

<nilearn.plotting.displays._slicers.OrthoSlicer object at 0x7f1272991900>

Plotting ROIs (here the mask) with function plot_roi

Visualizing ventral temporal region image from haxby dataset overlaid on subject specific anatomical image with coordinates positioned automatically on region of interest (roi)

plotting.plot_roi(haxby_mask_filename, bg_img=haxby_anat_filename,
                  title="plot_roi")

<nilearn.plotting.displays._slicers.OrthoSlicer object at 0x7f12729163e0>

Plotting EPI image with function plot_epi

# Import image processing tool
from nilearn import image

# Compute the voxel_wise mean of functional images across time.
# Basically reducing the functional image from 4D to 3D
mean_haxby_img = image.mean_img(haxby_func_filename)

# Visualizing mean image (3D)
plotting.plot_epi(mean_haxby_img, title="plot_epi")

<nilearn.plotting.displays._slicers.OrthoSlicer object at 0x7f1267395420>

A call to plotting.show is needed to display the plots when running in script mode (ie outside IPython)

plotting.show()

Estimated memory usage: 919 MB